Which description best defines a wheal (hive)?

• A. A transient elevated lesion with edema
• B. A chronic flat discoloration
• C. A small vesicle containing clear fluid
• D. A soft tissue ulceration

Answer: (A)

A wheal, or hive, is defined by a transient, edematous swelling in the superficial skin. This is why the description “a transient elevated lesion with edema” is the best match. In urticaria, histamine release increases vascular permeability in the dermis, causing fluid to seep into the tissue and create a raised, swollen area. These lesions usually appear quickly, can migrate or come and go over hours, and often itch.

The other options don’t fit this pattern. A chronic flat discoloration isn’t raised and reflects pigment or vascular changes rather than acute edema. A small vesicle contains clear fluid and is a different type of lesion. An ulceration is a breakdown of tissue, not just edema.