According to bloodborne pathogen exposure guidelines, when should gloves, masks, and gowns be used?

• A. If blood or OPIM exposure is anticipated
• B. Only during elective procedures
• C. When the patient is asymptomatic
• D. Only during situations with poor air quality

Answer: (A)

Using gloves, a mask, and a gown is about protecting yourself whenever there could be contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials. Bloodborne pathogen guidelines emphasize a risk-based approach: don the appropriate PPE whenever exposure to blood or OPIM is anticipated. That means if you might touch blood, body fluids, mucous membranes, or contaminated surfaces, you wear gloves; if there’s a chance of splashes or aerosols reaching your nose, mouth, or eyes, you use a mask (and eye protection as needed); and if your clothing or skin could be contaminated, you wear a gown. This protection is required regardless of whether the patient is symptomatic or the procedure is elective, and it isn’t tied to air quality. The idea is to prevent transmission of pathogens like HIV, HBV, and HCV by applying barriers whenever exposure risk exists.